What Are Ultra-Processed Foods (UPF)?
UPF contribute approximately 67% of total energy intake for U.S. youth aged 2 to 19 and about 57% for U.S.¹⁻³
UPF are linked to weight gain and chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, depression, cancer, and cognitive decline.
UPF are industrial formulations and/or ingredients not commonly found in your kitchen. Examples include artificial flavors, colors, and sweeteners, as well as emulsifiers, esterified oils, and others listed below in NOVA Group 4.
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The Nova classification system helps identify UPF.
It is widely used by researchers as a standardized framework to ensure consistency in studying and understanding the impact of ultra-processed food consumption.
It categorizes foods based on the extent and degree to which they have been industrially processed.
UPF research is evolving, and new food substances deemed edible are entering the market, expanding Nova Group 4 foods.
The Non-UPF program defines UPF as Nova Group 4 foods. Therefore, any food that falls into Nova groups 1 through 3 is considered a non-UPF.
To learn more about leading theories on how UPF harm health and the public policies aimed at reducing those harms, explore our advocacy partner, the Consumer Federation of America's report, Ultra-processed Foods: Why They Matter and What to Do About It.
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